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Closure schemes are formulated for the spatial deviations in concentration by developing transport equations for these deviations.
The impact of the intermediate species on deviations in concentration and temperature profiles due to species-specific Raman- and Rayleigh scattering cross-sections is demonstrated.
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In the FT-NIR measurements the spectra were obtained using air as reference, and the spectral region for PLS modeling were selected based on the spectral distribution of the relative standard deviation in concentration.
We then multiplied the standardized deviation in concentration in the meat for each bird by this adjusted standard deviation and added the species-specific geometric mean concentration in meat.
The newly designed steel is predicted to significantly outperform existing commercial creep-resistant martensitic steel grades and has a target composition such that the usual deviations in elemental concentration levels do not significantly affect the final creep strength.
Deviations in CO2 concentration levels due to photosynthesis and respiration can alter the pH of the water.
Target protein signals were normalized to the α-tubulin loading control signal to correct for slight deviations in cell concentration between extracts of different RPE cell lines.
Errors (F) were determined as deviations in the concentrations from the prescriptions: To enable comparisons between solutes of different concentrations, we computed the relative error f with regard to 100%: The absolute deviation D was computed by setting all the negative values of f as positive and by computing these values for the groups as appropriate.
Instead, we multiplied the coefficients from Equation 1 (estimated effect of 1 μg/m increase in CAPs) by observed standard deviations in CAPs concentrations (eliminating one outlier day).
Values of RMSE for both SO2 and BS were broadly similar and proportional to standard deviations in monitored concentrations (see Table S1).
Deviation in tubulin concentration is due to partial microtubule instability in phosphate buffer at low tubulin concentration and the microtubule stabilising effects of hTpx2 (compare pelleted tubulin at 0.25 µM with and without hTxp2).
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