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The processed and normalized expression values were not normally distributed, but moderate deviations from normality have been found to have little effect on ANOVA F-tests [ 101].
Next, we fitted a Gaussian density to the pooled jump data and plotted a normal Quantile–Quantile plot to assess deviations from normality.
The normal distributional method is reliable also when there are small deviations from normality.
No essential physical deviations from normality were observed.
To reduce deviations from normality we applied the nonparanormal transformation to the RFs and the general distress variable (R package: huge)61.
The self-adjusting scale was effective to deal with differential assessor expansiveness, produced homogeneous variances but its data showed gross deviations from normality.
To simplify gait analysis interpretation and to quantify deviations from normality, some quantitative synthetic descriptors were developed over the years, such as the Movement Analysis Profile (MAP) and the Linear Fit Method (LFM), but their interpretation is not always straightforward.
There were no absolute kurtosis values greater than 3.0, suggesting no severe deviations from normality.
Thresholding of clusters with a predefined number of standard deviations from normality (z-score) is generally accepted to localize the IOZ.
We examined all variables for skewness and kurtosis, and because many of our variables showed deviations from normality we fit our model with an asymptotic free distribution (Browne [1984]).
However, we considered the application of MANOVA to be adequate, given its robustness versus the deviations from normality in symmetrical distributions (Kariya & Sinha, 2014), as is the case of our study.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com