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Here Z-score refers to the number of standard deviations by which an observed C (or D) deviates from its chance expectation in a randomly rewired network.
We analysed the individual contributions of polypeptides to these deviations by measuring the percentage of proteins whose pI deviated two pH units below or above the physiological pH.
In TAMD simulations, equilibrium distributions may deviate from the canonical Boltzmann distribution, and ways to correct such deviations by reweighting have been proposed.
The Z-score represents the number of standard deviations by which the observed asymmetry (t i j − t j i ) deviates from its expected value.
Ways of spotting these deviations by conducting hazard and operability studies are discussed in this chapter.
The identification tries to eliminate these deviations by estimating the true parameters of the real manipulator.
A limit theorem for large deviations by S.V. Nagajev/V.V. Petrov applies to prove the results.
The generating units equipped with speed governors will respond to the deviations by releasing FCR.
The SRP increases these deviations by several orders of magnitude, possibly rendering some of them detectable.
In game-theoretic terms, a strong equilibrium, which is a strategy profile immune to deviations by coalition, rarely exists.
Hence, we do not restrict deviations by an insurer to be robust to further deviations by other insurers.11 Also, unlike Grossman's notion, we do not allow insurers to withdraw contracts that were previously offered.12.12
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com