The experimental and analytical thermal efficiency estimations agree reasonably well with a maximum deviation of about 12%.
The stress relaxation predicted showed a good agreement with the experimental data with the deviation of about 6%.
The mean difference between both solutions is less than 3 μsec, having a standard deviation of about 19 μsec.
The responses of the developed biosensors were reproducible with a relative standard deviation of about 1.5% and 5% for intra- and inter-sensor responses (both cases, n=10, for an alkaloid concentration of 5 μM), respectively.
Experimental results show that the overall heat loss coefficient varied from 6.25 to 7.52 W/m2 K for the tested surface temperature range, with an average deviation of about 12% when compared with simulation results.
A cloud of points (COP) measured with the modified white-light interferometer has presented a standard deviation of about 0.3 μm when it was compared with formtester measurement of the same parts.
With both parameters for the DOI determination, in the lateral scan, the bias between the mean reconstructed DOI and the real beam position was lower than 0.3 mm, and the DOI distribution had a standard deviation of about 1.5 mm.
Highly uniform micro- and nanospheres with a standard deviation of about 1.3% can be obtained in the market [8], and hence the standard deviation of the light's FWHM due to the size variation would be less than 0.01%.
The results show that it is possible to predict the dryout power with a standard deviation of about 4% for both steady-state and transient conditions using only a minimum of model calibration to account for details in the spacer grid design.
It is worth noting that the GPS survey data has a standard deviation of about 0.05 m, while the co-location of the projector and microphone has an ambiguity of approximately 0.03 m. Figure 20 Reduction of error per node by velocity compensation using the average wind vector estimate.
It was observed that taking the outlet velocity components at overflow and underflow as the grid study criterions, a fine mesh with around 150,000 elements would be sufficient to obtain mesh independent results with a low deviation of about 0.3 %, which is presented in detail in Table 2.
