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Because the gear errors which are introduced into LTCA model are measured along the line of action, the gear error values of helical gears must be converted to the normal direction as follows: f_{text{pbn}} = f_{text{pt}} cos alpha_{text{t}} cos beta_{text{b}}, (9 where fpbn is the pitch deviation in the direction of line of action.
A general measure of the goodness of a predictor is the gradient of risk per standard deviation, which is the relative increase in the hazard function when the value of the variable is changed by 1 standard deviation in the direction of risk.
Pursuit learns to anticipate the change in target direction, leading to a small deviation in the direction of eye velocity after a single learning trial, and larger learned changes over blocks of 100 identical learning trials.
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Small deviations in the direction of migration are caused by natural wandering of the meander bend.
By combining the selection intensity that we imposed with previous (significant) estimates of the heritability of male attractiveness in this guppy population (h2 sire = 0.596, h2 sire&dam combined = 0.348, [ 24]) in the breeders' equation [ 27], we expected a change of 0.575 0.33636 standard deviations in the direction of selection on attractiveness.
In three years, the larger of these deviations were in the direction of SRB increases (1965, 1979, and 2006/2007), while in three other years the deviations were in the direction of SRB decreases (1998, 2003, 2005).
The difference between VT and fP/fND is most likely due to experimental noise in the PET and equilibrium dialysis assays, but even if this difference represents a deviation from passive diffusion across the BBB, this deviation would be in the direction of an active transport of the molecule into the brain.
Goldstone et al. [22] stated that although the deviations in the formed trail systems in their experiment do not generally form the ideal MST structures, the deviations usually move in the direction of forming MST structures.
Thus, the tendency of deviations from HWE in the direction of excess homozygosity to improve EM convergence and genotype-call error rates can be explained by the information on the nucleotide-read error rate provided by additional homozygotes outweighing the effect of misspecifying the genotype frequency model.
Also, heterozygosity is even more strongly correlated to the deviation in frequency, considering the direction of the deviation.
Although light rays may exit the drop in more than one direction, a high density of the rays emerge at a minimum angle of deviation from the direction of the incoming rays.
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