Sentence examples for deviation in the background from inspiring English sources
where V b is the average background voltage and σ b is the standard deviation in the background voltage.
The contrast was then calculated as the difference between node and background ROI mean count values, with noise being defined as the standard deviation in the background ROI for calculating the contrast to noise ratio (CNR) of the simulated SLN, as explained in detail elsewhere [37].
The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was determined as follows: SNR=frac{SIast sqrt{2}}{noise} where SI is the signal intensity in either the liver parenchyma and noise representing the standard deviation in the background (air) measured in the corner of the image outside areas of artefacts.
Figure 3c shows the mean measured versus true activity concentration in the 37 mm VOI in the warm background compartment of the phantom along the identity line, and Fig. 3d shows the percent deviation in this background activity concentration.
On a purely quantitative measurement of signal-to-noise ratio, even the second cross, which is clear on visual examination, has a signal which is less than two standard deviations above variations in the background.
To estimate the standard deviation of the background signal in the channel, we measure the signal standard deviation in two 50-pixel (192 μm) regions.
The mean background and the standard deviation of the background were measured in 19 VOIs, equal in size to the signal VOI, and placed in the central plane of the phantom.
Noise levels were computed by finding the standard deviation of the background fluctuations in a region without particles.
Weaker trends were observed in Arabidopsis when the four-fold degenerate codons were analysed both in terms of deviation from the background and variation with expression.
Briefly, this program (i) deletes the results with 'flags' added manually to corrupted spots; (ii) eliminates spots with signal intensities less than the mean + 3×standard deviation of the background signal intensity in either Cy3 or Cy5; and (iii) eliminates spots located outside the least-mean-squares line ±2×standard deviation.
