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This PDF is estimated assuming a normal distribution (a common approach for modeling the received power) with mean and standard deviation in base of the samples gathered in the calibration phase (as represented by the module characterization in Fig. 2).
When fast-evolving sites are removed (18.5% of the alignment; see Table 2), deviation in base composition was confined to six taxa (Mus, Geomys, Heteromys, Dipodomys, Cavia, Hystrix).
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This would seem to indicate that these gene sequences have inherent characteristics that are expressed by the values of the parameters of the describing equations, whereby major deviations in base distributions that necessitate large departures from the characteristic values could be inimical to the functioning of the gene and thus would either be rejected, or would render the gene ineffective.
As previously, across all base groups, we found similar average contributions to Calib and DEA and decreasing standard deviations in base group contributions when comparing Calib to DEA, which indicates an ongoing equalization of contributions.
However, deviations in base-pair probabilities calculated using single precision were found to be negligible compared to those resulting from shifting the nearest-neighbor parameters by a random amount of magnitude similar to their experimental uncertainties.
Shown are mean values with standard deviations in parenthesis based on 50 simulated networks.
Nineteen critical nodes were identified, deviations were established in based on knowledge, and experience by the group, thus precluded the need of deviation's records to estimate frequency and impacts of events.
A previous study [ 26] based on nuclear rRNA genes, identified deviation of base composition in certain clades as probably misleading tree reconstruction analyses, rather than the covariation pattern in stem regions.
When the NRPL with a high NA is applied, there is still a deviation in focal length derived based on the intensity distribution of |E x |2 and |E z |2, and the deviation almost keeps invariable.
For each year and summary statistic, the mean and standard deviation (in parenthesis) are shown, based on 50 simulations.
Codon usage reflected biases in base frequencies with deviations in Ampharetidae and Alvinellidae compared to the other taxa (Additional File 1).
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com