The methodology of categorizing ER- and PgR-positive stain by cut-points corresponding to z-score standard deviations (analogous to BMD studies) indicated general univariate support that high levels of hormone receptors led to better DFS, and no receptors to a worse outcome.
To assess the impact of major protocol deviations, an analogous analysis of the primary outcome variable will be performed for the per protocol set.
To enable the cognitive scores to be more easily interpretable, we standardized all scores to give scores with a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15 (analogous to how intelligence quotient [IQ] scores are usually standardized).
Second, summary statistics can be generated for the OCT maps analogous to the mean deviation, pattern standard deviation and glaucoma hemifield test of the visual field tests.
Where v is the measured value of the parameter (the variable), v 1 is the parameter value at which HI must equal 1, and w is the width coefficient, analogous to standard deviation.
The Ψ standardized effect size has a comparable range to g, since Ψ expresses effect size in MSerror of the ANOVA, which is analogous to standard deviation of a single pairwise comparison.
However, it is acknowledged that the underlying probability distribution are usually not lognormal, therefore it is required to estimate the analogous geometric standard deviations and most of the studies did not have functions for every plausible health effect [ 65].
Pediatric weight-for-age standards, created on the basis of the weights of normal children (39), have used the third percentile (or the equivalent mean minus 2 standard deviations) for identifying growth faltering (analogous to the use of a P value cutoff of 5% for statistical significance under the null hypothesis).
The width of each ellipse reflects the amount of variation (analogous to the standard deviation) within each sample group, the replicate samples.
This is analogous to specifying standard deviation along with a mean when summarizing a quantitative variable.
