However, this situation becomes different when the driving force is deviated from the uniform profile even by a small degree.
It is clear from this figure that the velocity profile deviated from the uniform mode as a result of diffusion in the walls, and the velocity decreases in the vicinity of the walls.
If there are real but weak genetic effects, these would still be expected to deviate from the uniform distribution.
Conversely, large-effect susceptibility loci are expected to deviate from the uniform distribution at the highly significant end of the distribution.
The frequencies of the last digit of statistics deviated from the uniform distribution and suggested digit preference in rounding and reporting.
The counts of the last digit of P values also significantly deviate from the uniform distribution (Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z = 1.4, P = 0.043), and 0, 4, and 9 are less common than expected (see Fig. 2 and Additional file 2).
For example, among the sensu stricto yeasts, only 8% of genes (mostly under codon usage selection) exhibit silent substitution rates that deviate from the uniform neutral mutational background[ 9], and analysis of these genes shows that they perturb the overall genome-wide silent substitution rate by only 3%.
If the distribution of sequence breakpoints shows no correlation with any particular region of the domon as expected under our null hypothesis, the ρ values are expected not to deviate significantly from the uniform distribution.
Since in this test even randomly selected markers yield P values that deviate somewhat from the uniform distribution, we calculated an empirical null distribution of P values.
It should be noted that HK did not deviate significantly from the uniform distribution in either the pathway member or the TF-centric enrichment tests (P = 0.72 and P = 0.07, respectively, by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test).
