With all models the obtained p-values were clearly deviating from uniform distribution with an overall bias towards low p-values, and therefore deviating from the results that would be obtained by chance (Additional file 8: Figure S5).
Conversely, large-effect susceptibility loci are expected to deviate from the uniform distribution at the highly significant end of the distribution.
The present study confirmed that several substances deviate from a uniform pattern of distribution, in particular PCBs with low chlorination, such as congeners 28, 44, 49, 52, 66, 101, 110, and 149.
The counts of the last digit of P values also significantly deviate from the uniform distribution (Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z = 1.4, P = 0.043), and 0, 4, and 9 are less common than expected (see Fig. 2 and Additional file 2).
The counts significantly deviate from the expected uniform distribution (Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Z = 2.7, P < 0.0005) and show that authors tend to round more frequently, inconsistently and sometimes wrongly, when the last digit is high (as expected for psychological reasons) and when it is 4, 6 or 9.
However, this situation becomes different when the driving force is deviated from the uniform profile even by a small degree.
It is clear from this figure that the velocity profile deviated from the uniform mode as a result of diffusion in the walls, and the velocity decreases in the vicinity of the walls.
We also tested whether the frequencies of the last digit of a sample of 610 test statistics deviated from a uniform distribution (i.e., equally probable digits).
The frequencies of the last digit of statistics deviated from the uniform distribution and suggested digit preference in rounding and reporting.
