A posteriori, λ i acts as an indicator of the ith data point's outlier status, with E(λ i | νε, Data) ≪ 1, suggesting a highly deviant observation.
Breed selection was based on primarily the availability of breed-specific DM prevalence statistics (data available for 16 of the 20 breeds; Fall et al. 2007), whereas additional breeds were included as previous observations indicated deviant AMY2B copy numbers.
Although cultural biases have long obscured observation of "deviant" acts in nature, a spate of recent studies have established that a wide spectrum of species engages in non-reproductive sexual behaviour.
This corresponds to observations of left IFG activation to deviant stimuli in the auditory modality, and raises the possibility of a common frontal change detection mechanism.
We were therefore able to account for prior trends and for regression toward the mean i.e., the tendency for deviant prescriptions to approach the mean on subsequent observation [ 14].
This is suggested by the observation that IFN-γ knockout mice mount a deviant immune response against eye tissues when immunized with IRBP [41].
Therefore, a few observations for each probe set may inevitably result in falsely deviant values for.
Particular attention was paid to deviant or contradictory cases [ 20] and to group dynamics using field note observations [ 21].
In addition to a manual comparison of the giant and dwarf representative domains in each length-rigid and length-deviant domain superfamily, literature has been consulted, where relevant, to support the structural observations and inferences on functional impact made here.
Such extreme observations can be due to the presence of very short segments of DNA with deviant copy numbers, to technical aberrations, or a combination.
