Periodontitis is not a true infection: it has an infectious aetiology, but approximately 80% of the tissue destruction is estimated to arise from a dysregulated inflammatory immune response to plaque biofilm (Grossi et al., 1994).
Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are multifactorial and heterogeneous, chronically relapsing inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) that are thought to result from a dysregulated mucosal immune response to gut lumen bacterial antigens in a genetically susceptible host [1].
Although this review focuses on DMD, there is evidence from other myopathies that a dysregulated and/or disordered ECM may also contribute to disease progression [ 9, 10].
The overactivity of the GnRH pulse generator is due to a dysregulated neurotransmitter release.
Breen et al. conducted a Weighted Gene Co-expression Netwonk Analysis on PTSD, and identified a dysregulated innate immune module associated with PTSD development.
PI3K, AKT and mTOR, key kinases from a frequently dysregulated PI3K signaling pathway, have been extensively pursued to treat a variety of cancers in oncology.
The link between stem cells and cancer cells is supported by increasing evidence that cancer can develop from stem cells, and that many cell signaling pathways essential for normal development are dysregulated in cancer (Catalina et al., 2009).
A large number of mice with impaired TCR signaling, with either proximal or distal transduction perturbations, develop dysregulated lymphoid homeostasis and inflammatory diseases [ 33].
A murine model of MED with the Matn3 V194D mutation develops a progressive short-limb dysplasia resulting from decreased chondrocyte proliferation and dysregulated apoptosis.
Apart from the dysregulated NF- κB signaling, there is evidence for an inhibition of cytoprotective autophagy in the PC6.3 cells expressing mutant huntingtin proteins.
