Although it has been shown that wind power development can increase the local property tax base, state-level policies regarding ad valorem taxes for renewable energy projects differ across the USA.
The higher sensitivity of nestlings than of fledglings to nutritional stress, suggests that breeding too early, with the risk of missing optimal conditions during early in development, can increase costs for offspring, with respect to the traits measured here.
Background: Exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) during fetal development can increase the risk of adverse health effects during childhood.
Evidence from animal studies shows that DES exposure during early development can increase fibroid incidence in adulthood (Cook et al. 2007).
Indeed, the fetal origins hypothesis posits that in utero delays in growth and development can increase the risk of many chronic diseases throughout the life course [ 9].
In our assessment of AChE concentrations, we found that exposure to sublethal concentrations of carbaryl early in development can increase AChE concentrations in tadpoles.
The resulting deficits in these hormones during male fetal development can increase the risk of several different downstream effects, both manifested early in life (e.g., cryptorchidism) and later in life (e.g., effects on sperm).
For example, changes in biological function during susceptible periods, such as during development, can increase risk of subsequent downstream events compared to biological function changes of the same magnitude at other life stages.
Exposure to chemicals during fetal development can increase the risk of adverse health consequences, including adverse birth outcomes (e.g., preterm birth and birth defects), childhood morbidity (e.g., neurodevelopmental effects and childhood cancer), and adult disease and mortality (e.g., cancer and cardiovascular effects) (Gluckman and Hanson 2004; Stillerman et al. 2008).
