However, these relationships are subject to developmental fluctuations depending on the hedonic nature of the odorants and the age when infants are tested.
A quantitative analysis of the developmental fluctuations of Asc and its degradation products OA and TA in grape berries is presented here.
Note that environmental or developmental fluctuations may be ruled out as explaining these patterns of co-variation: transcript level measurements in each heterozygous genotype were biologically replicated to account for dye and environmental effects.
In order to illustrate the earliest developmental gene expression fluctuation of PED which contain the crucial ZGA process and may further affect the later developmental stages, it is meaningful to look into these PED stages and identify the genetic modules regulating in each period of PED [ 11].
Broad tolerance would evolve under the most rapid fluctuations, while developmental plasticity would evolve under fluctuations at the timescale of a generation.
Motor terminals are dynamic structures that show developmental and circadian fluctuations in shape and size (51).
Importantly, our results reveal that all levels of thermal fluctuation decouple developmental rate and sex ratios if experienced around the female-producing mean while this decoupling was only observed under the largest fluctuation around the male-producing mean temperature.
Thus, regulatory mechanisms similar to those described in this work might conceivably operate to stabilize other developmental pathways against temperature fluctuation.
In the simplest case (additive genetics, no phenotypic plasticity), can be decomposed into, where is the additive genetic variance, is the environmental variance (variation due to developmental instability and micro-environmental fluctuations), and is the (narrow-sense) heritability.
Stem cells occupy variable environments where they must distinguish stochastic fluctuations from developmental cues.
