The problem was conducted during the first year of a longitudinal study on developmental engineering education across grades 4 6.
Translational research and medical strategies are meeting these challenges by combining Earth based medical solutions with innovative and developmental engineering approaches.
Although this domain of research is still in its infancy, exploring development mechanisms of germ cells is promising, especially in humans, to promote future reproductive and developmental engineering technologies.
In the context of skeletal regeneration, a "developmental engineering" approach has been advocated to generate intermediate grafts (i.e., hypertrophic cartilage templates) which, as suggested by limb developmental biology, are capable of autonomous spatial and temporal evolution into fully functional bone organs.
This process is known as developmental (re)engineering.
Appropriate for degrees in: Biochemistry, Biology, Biophysics, Biotechnology, Cell Biology, Chemistry, Computer Science, Developmental Science, Engineering, Environmental Science, Genetics, Geoscience, Materials Science, Mathematics, Microbiology, Molecular Biology, Physical Sciences, and Physics.
We previously illustrated, with a developmental tissue engineering approach, that human adult BM-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) can develop into human bone organs (so-called ossicles) through endochondral ossification in vivo and that these human ossicles are able to maintain functional mouse HSCs.
By applying both physical and chemical microenvironmental controls, they were able to push the initial hypertrophic cartilage structure to produce several cell types with their proper phenotypes, which demonstrates the strength of the developmental tissue engineering methods [ 8].
In one of the recent demonstrations of "developmental tissue engineering" [ 76], Scotti et al. were able to produce a bone organ with functioning bone marrow by putting the human mesenchymal stem cells through an endochondral bone formation route, that is, formation of bone organ via a cartilaginous tissue step [ 8].
We thus propose that predictable, orderly, and durable tissue regeneration should be based on a "developmental RE-engineering" paradigm, with the challenge to instruct the execution of developmental programs in the context of an adult system.
The last decade has seen a great deal of progress in this field with new advances in interdisciplinary areas such as developmental biology, genetic engineering, biomaterials, polymer science, bioreactor engineering, and stem cell biology.
