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"Long-term common problems and trends in rich nations are the fundamental driving forces in the development of welfare state institutions," they concluded.
Political forces were evident behind the reduction of income inequality in Britain during the two world wars, and in the earliest development of welfare systems under Bismark.
Historically, the development of welfare systems was one of the defining characteristics of the 20th century, especially in Europe but also most in OECD countries.
Citizens having a sense of responsibility, mechanisms to reward good practices, and the concept of networks appear determinant in the future development of welfare.
Recently, the number of elderly people increases, and the development of welfare apparatus having the effect of minimizing care is required.
A prominent approach to explaining the historical development of welfare states has been "power resource theory", which associates a strong welfare state with the relative strength of left political coalitions, incorporating strong labour movements and successful left political parties, particularly social democratic parties (Korpi, 1983; Esping-Andersen 1985 , 1990 Stephens, 1979).
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Large scale transcriptomic studies of important life trait characteristics, such as growth, maturation, environmental tolerance and disease resistance, can provide important knowledge concerning underlying molecular mechanisms and control elements, assisting in the development of welfare-centred and sustainable management strategies for aquaculture species, e.g. [ 19, 20].
Since these studies are an integrated part of the Welfare Quality® approach they will also inform and be guided by the information emanating from the development of our welfare monitoring systems.
In the towns, however, family ties have weakened, necessitating the development of government welfare services concerned with juvenile delinquency, adoption, and the care of the aged, indigent, and disabled.
These efforts provided a significant contribution to the development of modern welfare, which in the 20th century was mainly the responsibility of state, communal, or humanitarian organizations but was still characterized strongly by its Christian roots.
The French call the period from 1945-1975 "le trente glorieuses" ("the glorious thirty threeree decades of almost full employment in Europe and the US, expansionary policies, rising wages and the development of a welfare state that transferred daily concerns about things such as housing, health and education to the state.
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