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Impaired development of the pups, supernumerary ribs, and fewer ossification centers in the paws was observed after exposure to 1000 and 1500 mg/kg/d (Saillenfait et al., 2011b).
The Swedish Boxer Club, therefore, sent a questionnaire [See Additional file 1] to all the Swedish Boxer breeders registering a litter of pups in 1994 and 1995, asking for details about the bitch's oestrous cycle, the mating and the whelping and about the development of the pups until the time of delivery to the new owners at 8 weeks of age.
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Meaney and collaborators show how the amount of licking and arched-back nursing which pups receive from their mother regulates gene expression so as to direct the development of the pup's brain (Meaney, 2001).
The transience of the cells in the thymus alternatively suggests that they may be able to influence thymic selection and hence the development of the pup's T cell repertoire.
An effect on immunity in the adult therefore supports an impact on development of the pup's immune system, although we cannot exclude the possibility that the cells moved to a tissue we did not examine.
At every stage of their development, the pups' renditions always closely matched the buzz syllables of their harem males, showing that the youngsters were not simply piecing together random song fragments.
The implication by Gilbert and Sui (2008) that the development of the hippocampus in rat pups is impaired as a result of perchlorate exposure of pregnant dams is weakened by the lack of consistent dose responses in the electrophysiologic parameters measured in the hippocampus of the rat pups.
The maternal deficit of Asic3−/− dams but not Asic3 genotype impaired the social development of young pups.
Our study revealed that loss of ASIC3-dependent auditory sensation in female mice has a profoundly negative effect on their maternal behaviors and thus impairs the social development of their pups.
In phocid seals, the duration of the post-weaning fast plays a critical role in the development of a pup's oxygen storage capability which determines dive capacity and, in turn, will influence foraging ability.
In addition, we conducted a longitudinal investigation of the Asic3−/− mouse model to explore how maternal response to pup's calls affects the social development of pups in adolescence.
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