These results indicate that oncoproteins such as RET/PTC activate the MEK/ERK cascade, which then promotes an initial wave of dramatic cell proliferation that, in turn, initiates tumor development, but subsequent development of a solid cancer requires an additional unknown lesion or alteration (Pritchard et al. 2007).
Discordant MZ twin-pairs were selected based on the criteria that one twin was diagnosed at least once with malignant tumour development of a solid organ while the co-twin was never diagnosed with malignant tumour development to date, in the period ranging from 4 to 21 years after cancer diagnosis of the co-twin (median = 10.3 years).
The microenvironmental hypoxia that arises as a consequence of the development of a solid tumour also acts to promote tumour growth.
Routine laboratories do not culture leptospires because of their very slow growth rate and need for specialist expertise, but the recent development of a solid culture medium (Leptospira Vanaporn Wuthiekanun [LVW] agar) led to the description of susceptibility testing of Leptospira spp. using the Etest method.
From an initial estimate of 100 million years for the development of a solid crust around a molten core proposed in 1862, Thomson subsequently revised his estimate of the age of the Earth downward.
The mineral sequestration process, although in an early stage of laboratory development, produces a solid carbonate.
Such development forms a solid foundation in providing a good infrastructure support to the construction of smart cities.
Thus, calling for a highly educated workforce implies, almost by definition, that individuals receive both early childhood development and a solid education from kindergarten on up.
Development of a solid state bonding technique suitable to clad tungsten targets with tantalum was completed to improve operation of the Los Alamos Neutron Science Centers spallation target.
"This contributes to the development of a solid infrastructure for the long-term benefit of islanders and sport in the island, and also means we are making good use of capital spending to boost the economy".
