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That lung loss has evolved at least twice in salamanders (Dunn, 1923; Dunn, 1926) and once in each of caecilians and frogs (Bickford et al., 2008; Hutchison, 2008; Nussbaum and Wilkinson, 1995) raises the possibility that plasticity in lung development might allow some normally lunged amphibians to survive without inflating or even developing lungs.
Children's developing lungs are at particular risk, both long- and short-term".
In mammals, formation of the atrial septum is dependent on morphogens secreted from the developing lungs.
Isolated congenital diaphragmatic hernia defect allows viscera to herniate into the chest, competing for space with the developing lungs.
"Children are still being exposed to passive smoke, which is extremely harmful to developing lungs," said the actress.
A 2010 study of more than 11,000 schoolchildren found 43% had poorly developing lungs, compared with 25% of a rural control group.
Similar(21)
Maternal smoking and the retinoid pathway in the developing lung.
In the developing lung, HOPX contributes to the formation of distal lung9.
A longtime cigarette smoker, he was developing lung cancer and emphysema.
He was thus perhaps already at a heightened risk of developing lung cancer eventually.
Indeed, research suggests that experiencing multiple childhood traumas gives approximately the same risk of developing psychosis as smoking does for developing lung cancer.
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