Based on the military concept of a "kill chain" (a systematic process to target and engage an adversary), Lockheed Martin Corp. developed the "cyber kill chain" model that details each step of a cybercriminal's operation from reconnaissance to actions on objectives.
And it points out it plans to further utilise the skills already available in Scotland's universities in partnership with the security service, to develop the effort against cyber threats.
At a summit in Romania last month, NATO leaders said they had adopted a policy on cyber defense stressing the need for NATO members to protect key information systems and develop the ability to counter a cyber attack.
It's essential that companies develop the capability to quantify their cyber risk exposure in order to form strategies to mitigate that risk.
In Pakistan, the government endeavors greatly in strengthening the policy to develop quality cyber entrepreneurs who are at same standard with that international entrepreneur.
On the one hand, the government is keen to invest in cyber-security startups: witness chancellor George Osborne's announcement that GCHQ is investing "£3bn over nine years into developing the next stage of national cyber intelligence".
"I can tell you today that GCHQ are investing £3 billion over 9 years into developing the next stage of national cyber intelligence.
In addition to nation-state threats, terrorists and other non-state groups, such as ISIS, are committed to leveraging and developing capabilities in the cyber domain.
"Many cyber criminals have developed the technology to avoid detection from crawlers and hide the networks where they exchange information.
