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Patients with MA were significantly younger than those without migraine (p < 0.01), and women tended to develop MA more frequently than men; however, the difference did not reach statistical significance.
An equal distribution of increasing and decreasing peptide abundances was observed in patients who progressed to MA compared with patients who did not develop MA.
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Both the HB method and the developed MA method were applied in plasma metabolomic study of sulfur mustard intoxication.
According to the abovementioned definitions, at Visit 1 13 patients (9 T2DM) had developed MA, while 27 patients (11 T2DM) showed eGFR decline.
In patients developing MA, DRIN, which was already altered at Visit 0, was unchanged at Visit 1, while in patients not developing MA, a significant increase in DRIN was observed; conversely, PWV showed a further increase only in patients developing MA (Fig. 1).
Conversely, in the EH group, baseline PWV (10.5 ± 1.8 vs 7.8 ± 0.8 m/s, p = 0.0004) was significantly higher in patients developing MA than in those not.
There was no significant difference in RAS blockers use at Visit 1 between patients developing MA or not (78%% vs 53 %, p = 0.17).
Among all the variables studied, DRIN, PWV and TR were significantly higher in patients developing MA, while RI did not differ significantly.
In the T2DM group, baseline DRIN (−8.4 ± 4.1 vs −1.7 ± 7.8 %, p = 0.03) was significantly higher in patients developing MA than in those not.
In addition, we verified a selected panel of proteins identified from the discovery analysis via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in a larger cohort of patients with type 1 diabetes who developed MA and/or early renal decline.
Fasting blood glucose was higher at Visit 0 in patients developing MA [from 172(105–211) to 124(100–141) mg/dl] than in those not [from 95 89 124) mg/dl to 96 90 107) mg/dl], but reached similar values at Visit 1 (p for interaction Visit-Outcome = 0.002).
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