Phylogenetically independent contrasts of the species values (mass corrected and normalized) of each morphological measurement were determined using the PDAP package for Mesquite [ 45, 46] and the strict consensus of 8 most-parsimonious trees of the genus from Rosenburg [ 47].
T is automatically determined using the CMIF.
When synthesizing an utterance u, suffixes s (l) in the utterance are first determined using a morphological analyzer, where l=1,2,…,N suf, and N suf is the total number of suffixes in the utterance.
In order to investigate this, the lungs of E17.5 Creb1−/− (n = 4) and wildtype (n = 5) mice were analysed using electron microscopy (EM) and the proportions of undifferentiated, type-I, type-II and intermediate AECs (Fig. 5A) were determined using strict morphological criteria (see methods).
Individual sex was determined using standard morphological methods [1,15].
Rates of apoptosis were determined using morphological assessment (34) of the distal and proximal colon.
Classification within each category was determined using morphological correlates as determined from the fossil itself, published reconstructions (if available), and closely related taxa (especially if the taxa are fragmentary).
The roles of the composition of the membrane solution and the evaporation condition on the release rate of drug were determined using in vitro dissolution and morphological studies and predicted phase diagrams.
The developmental stage was determined using Downs and Davies' criteria for staging morphological landmarks of the primitive streak, neural plate and head fold [19].
The level of differentiation was determined using inverted phase contrast microscopy based on morphological appearance: colonies with small cells, a large nucleus and sharp edges were regarded as undifferentiated (Fig. 2A and B), whereas colonies with large cells with abundant cytoplasm were regarded as differentiated (Fig. 2C).
