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First, we determined the induction of protein tyrosine phosphorylation in cells incubated with saturating concentrations (20 µg/106 cells; see Fig. 1b) of gp41 MPER tetramer (Fig. 8A).
In tomato, direct vascular connectivity to a crushed leaf determined the induction of TPIs in systemic leaves and contributed to spatial heterogeneity of induced TPIs within those systemic leaves [18].
In order to analyze the functionality of the Fas receptor, we determined the induction of apoptosis by the agonistic antibody CH11 when cells were treated with oxaliplatin or with the inhibitor of MMPs.
3) Although the authors show that serum starvation for as short as 30 min induces ZBTB16 reduction and Atg14L accumulation, they determined the induction of autophagy by serum starvation at 24 h.
To gain further evidence that Prdm14 acts in part through attenuation of MAPK pathway activation, we determined the induction of ERK phosphorylation by a quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assay upon exposure of ES cells to serum.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.06734.019 3) Although the authors show that serum starvation for as short as 30 min induces ZBTB16 reduction and Atg14L accumulation, they determined the induction of autophagy by serum starvation at 24 h.
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A new host gene which determines the induction of early anaemia or polycythaemia by FLV is described.
Further investigation to determine the induction of autophagy genes and the induction of reactive oxygen species may lead to a clearer interpretation of how C4 acts once inside pathogenic yeast.
However, we demonstrate that Spitz (Spi -mediated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) Spi -mediatedspatially biasepidermalectively determine the induction of a singrowthact cell on the proximal side ofactor mechanosensoreceptor on thEGFRosignalingeg.
Objective: To determine the induction of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), a central mediator of immunity, by human monocytes infected with virulent M. tuberculosis, M. leprae and attenuated M. bovis BCG.
In contrast, expression of the endogenous BNBD5-gene is stimulated much more (>30-fold) in udders and pbMEC indicating that factors other than elevated levels of binding-competent NF-kappaB factors determine the induction of the native gene.
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