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Quality of evidence is determined by study design, sampling method, and accuracy of diagnosis (Table 1).
From the total patient population (n=4395) we collected specific low-frequency data determined by study pretest.
In particular, access to tests is determined by study sampling protocols, not by the priorities of clinical triage or fairness that should normally determine access to health services.
Local IHC was reported as 0, 1+, 2+, or 3+ staining as well as IHC negative, equivocal, or positive as determined by study sites.
The results of this study require cautious interpretation mostly because prevalence figures on multimorbidity are highly determined by study design and datasources [ 20, 21].
For some patients, antifungal medications were discontinued because of medication intolerance; others initially received antifungal treatment from nonstudy medical providers and were subsequently determined by study physicians to not require treatment, which was then discontinued.
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In the second study, the mechanism by which IFN- β caused growth attenuation of the cancer cells was determined by studying cell cycle using flow cytometric determination, BrdU incorporation, and western blot analysis.
Are there thresholds of responsibility, for instance, that can be determined by studying neural circuits?
There is preliminary evidence that PD-1 blockers will not work in people whose tumors do not make PD-L1, as determined by studying a biopsy sample.
Since neither "messiah" nor "son of God" automatically conveys a specific meaning, the significance of these terms must be determined by studying how each author uses them.
Given that one pound of muscle burns between 7 to 13 calories a day (as determined by studies that measured oxygen and blood flow to tissues), that means the average boost in metabolism is only 14 to 52 calories a day, said Dympna Gallagher, the director of the body composition unit at the New York Obesity Research Center in Manhattan.
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