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Private companies usually impose closed contracts in which prices are determined; alternatively, the price of milk may be set at the beginning of the marketing year.
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Fluorescence of intracellular fura-2 was determined by alternatively illuminating cells with 340- and 380-nm light and measuring emission at 520 nm using an EMCCD (iXon Ultra 897, Andor, Belfast, BT, UK).
A gene was determined as alternatively spliced if there was evidence of a 5′splice site (SS) spliced to multiple 3′SS, or of a 3′SS spliced to multiple 5′SS, or of at least 1X coverage across full length of one intron (supported by junction reads).
Specificity and affinity constants were alternatively determined using ELISA and surface plasmon resonance, respectively.
Beam-columns are subjected to compressive force and the bending moment can be designed using the so-called interaction formula where the interaction factors may be alternatively determined.
As the difference in energy density at boundary points may be very large, new positions of the boundary points are alternatively determined in a special way.
The key to the authors' analysis of differential labor market performance is firm heterogeneity in productivity levels and wages that are alternatively determined by firm-specific productivity and sector-wide average productivity (implying wage compression).
Alternatively, a determined successor could continue his reforms, extending market disciplines into some of the most resistant sectors of the Russian economy and ensuring that Russian industry has reliable supplies of reasonably priced electricity to speed its recovery.
Alternatively, we determined optimal thresholds based on quantitative analysis of the SEPT9 marker.
We then determined the fraction of alternatively spliced genes in each bin.
We determined the number of alternatively spliced loci by clustering the ESTs irrespective of whether gaps were created in the alignment.
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