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The OIS method gives the possibility to determine propagation modes, MOF (maximum observed frequency) values, signal delays, etc.
Wave propagation techniques are applied to a finite element model of a single periodic unit to determine propagation constants.
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We determined propagation losses of our single-mode SLSW by the well-known cut-back method [29].
Information on the vertical angle of arrival (elevation) is crucial in determining propagation modes of high-frequency (HF, 3 30 MHz) radio waves travelling through the ionosphere.
Eigen-value equations for determining propagation constants of the track as a periodic structure is established straightforwardly from equations presented in [15], as explored in [19].
MILs have same phase compensation mechanism with a conventional lens; geometric shape of a MIL determines propagation length and hence, phase accumulation.
Yatziv and Sapiro [3] proposed a method for determining propagation paths in the image by minimizing geodesic distances from every scribble.
Cross sections of experimentally determined propagation ellipsoids from adjacent columns of a gold nano-bridge are shown in Fig. 1c [4], and Fig. 1d illustrates when the wave reaches the exact exit surface (the blue dots) that coincides with the intensity maximum.
Three hours after centromere excision, individual plasmid dots were visualized and the frequency at which they segregated to the bud was determined (propagation frequency, pf, see 'Materials and methods').
We can then determine many propagation properties such as attenuation ratio, propagation direction, delay time from the transmission station, and observation point along the satellite trajectories.
Equation (2) defines a fraction of phased eigenfunctions and allows us to determine HF propagation modes and to calculate key propagation characteristics.
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