In addition to dsx and fru, canonical regulators of Drosophila sex determination, we identified and further characterized the expression of fne and tango13 as genes expressed in a sex-biased manner.
In conclusion, we identified the straightforward determination of Gal-3 expression by immunohistochemistry as a potential novel and important prognostic factor in NTs and provided insights into its biological role in neuroblastic cell differentiation and tumorigenesis.
However, except for PDPN determinations, we could identify only one work analysing expression of each of these markers.
As the germline is known to contribute to lifespan determination, we also identified which candidates were likely to be expressed mainly in the germline (miRNAs whose levels dropped dramatically in germline ablated animals; e.g. mir-35 family) or somatic tissues (miRNAs whose abundance changed little in germline ablated animals (many miRNAs including mir-71 and mir-80).
We identified limitations in determination of affinity using indirect assays (electrophoretic mobility shift and ethidium bromide exclusion) commonly used in the field.
Using a practicable key for determination of hoverfly larvae [ 54], we identified third instar larvae of the drone fly E. tenax.
One of the two genes that we identified as being highly, and exclusively, significantly differentially expressed between sexes in the RNA-Seq data (Potri.019G047300) is located in that identified sex determination locus of P. tremuloides.
In order to facilitate data sharing with public databases and ortholog determination we mapped the identified proteins to corresponding identifiers from UniProt Archive (UniParc), the International Protein Index (IPI), Entrez Gene and Ensembl protein identifiers using either different online tools for ID mapping [ 42- 45] or an in-house Perl script (MapProtID.pl) to match different ID datasets.
Similarly, although pp67 mRNA determinations correctly identified 2 patients that did not develop disease, this was not the case for the remaining 3 patients.
Of note, the combined assessment of HCC by CA19-9 AFP AFP determinations identified 8 out of 15 patients (53%).
