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The models showed the coefficient of determination of validation set and ratio of standard error of prediction to standard deviation of reference value of 0.934 and 3.96 for lower heating value, 0.803 and 2.31 for carbon; 0.856 and 2.65 for hydrogen; 0.973 and 6.6 for nitrogen; 0.785 and 2.19 for sulfur and 0.522 and 1.46 for oxygen, respectively.
The objectives of our study were to (i) compare biomass determination by LC, SR sensors, and their combination (LC⊕SR) using various biometric methods, (ii) evaluate the effect of the composition of the calibration data set on the mean relative error of prediction (MRE) and coefficient of determination of validation (R2v), and (iii) assess the repeatability (w2) of biomass determination.
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Pearson coefficient of determination for validation.
Coefficient of Determination for Validation Set.
Although our focus was on sample size determination, the practices of validation were also studied.
We also assessed the representativeness of the study participants; methods for ascertaining exposure; comparability of exposure groups (including unexposed) in terms of age, sex, socioeconomic status, non-response bias, health outcomes, determination, and validation of outcomes; internal validity; and assessment and addressing of confounding factors.
As shown in Table 2, the two coefficients of determination of the internal validation for Tb =1 ns and Tb =4 ns are both nearly equal to 1 and the two coefficients of determination of the external validation for Tb =1 ns and Tb =4 ns are both more than 0.97, so the trained ANN output fits well with the optimal normalized thresholds for Tb =1 ns and Tb =4 ns.
This analysis includes a determination of whether the validation and qualification conducted provide sufficient support for the use proposed.
Table 2 lists the determination of k and validation results of the simultaneous clustering of the acetaminophen microarray, clinical chemistry and histopathology data sets using the mod k-prototypes algorithm with specified weights.
The standard errors of cross validation (SECV) indicate a high degree of precision in the estimates of the concentration of both constituents (SECV = 0.78 and 2.37 for FN and ADF respectively), with highly significant coefficients of determination of the cross validation (mean R = 0.90 and 0.90 for FN and ADF respectively).
The reliability of the models was assessed using the coefficient of determination in validation (R2V) and the ratio of standard deviation of the reference data in the validation set to the standard error of prediction (RPDV).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
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