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For determination of mating type, all plasmids were removed via cultivation in YPD medium to yield strains K76A and K76AL (Table 1).
Suspicious colonies were further analyzed be determination of mating capacity and auxotrophic markers.
In oomycetes, SSRs have had important applications such as diagnosis and determination of mating type [ 13], genetic structure and disease dynamics [ 14, 15], and population genetics [ 16, 17].
Consistent with other Ascomycota, our expression data suggest that MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 are likely responsible for determination of mating type, because the precursor to α-pheromone (ppg1) was only expressed in the MAT1-1 background.
In fungi, however, the haploid determination of mating compatibility creates the distinction that pseudoautosomal regions would be under more frequent selection to maintain this homolog-pairing role during every meiosis, rather than in just half of meioses, because there is no homogametic diploid.
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As discussed below, it may be relevant to the cytogenetic origin of amicronucleates that these two clades differ in the mechanism of mating type determination.
Analyses of the data obtained allowed the determination of the population structure and the role of mating in the generation of the observed diversity.
These results indicate that morph determination, guided by social cues, allows for the adaptive adjustment of mating tactics to existing demographic conditions.
Since mass mating in patches does not allow determination of the number of cells that have converted into cells capable of mating, we streaked out the diploid deletion strains to obtain single colonies and tested these individual colonies for mating ability.
N = number of mating.
More precise determination of the mating projection direction was aided by using the fluorescent dye ConA-Alexa-488 to label the growing projection; this dye did not perturb the directional sensing (Supporting Information, Fig. S2).
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