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Himpel, S. et al. Specificity determinants of substrate recognition by the protein kinase DYRK1A.
Our study illuminates the utility of evolutionary guided mutagenesis for studying non-obvious molecular determinants of substrate selectivity.
Therefore, the equivalent residues different between Ancestor 1 (MphI and MphK) and Ancestor 2 (broad substrate range) may be determinants of substrate specificity46.
Our findings suggest surface electrostatics, as well as the spatial extent of substrate accommodating region, are critical determinants of substrate and Vif binding across A3 proteins with implications for anti-retroviral and anti-cancer therapeutic design.
Synthetic phosphopeptides present advantages over proteins because they can be easily produced in large quantity and their amino acid sequence can be designed to contain potential determinants of substrate specificity.
We conclude that: Ile-131 positions substrate via A-ring and cis-triene contacts; Trp-134 and Gly-499 are determinants of substrate access; Leu-148 contacts the substrate side-chain; Met-246 is important in mediating regioselectivity.
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The purpose of this study was to assess to what extent a statistical approach relying on kinetics could be used to identify and predict global structural determinants of substrate-enzyme recognition.
The structure also reveals numerous intrapeptide contacts that ensure shape complementarity between the substrate and the active site of the enzyme, thereby likely serving as an additional structural determinant of substrate specificity.
It may be that inter-strain variability in mycelial structure rather than biomass is a major determinant of substrate hydrolysis capacity; Domingues et al. (2000) showed that the mycelial structure of T. reesei was a major factor influencing cellulase production and substrate hydrolysis.
This residue is a major determinant of substrate binding specificity toward a productive binding mode.
However, as non-substrates also bear potential β-secretase cleavage sites, primary sequence appears not to be the principal determinant of substrate selection.
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