Sacks's fields of interest include racial disparities in health, social determinants of health, race, class and gender and poverty and inequality.
Different attributes have been identified as determinants of homophily, including race and ethnicity, gender, age, religion, education, occupation and social class, network positions, behaviors, attitudes, abilities, beliefs, and aspirations [ 19].
Considering the social determinants of health (income, employment, race and gender, among other things), and not insisting on abstinence as a prerequisite for getting help is the foundation of other harm-reduction initiatives.
This 25(OH D score takes into account the combined influence of the major determinants of vitamin D status (race as a surrogate of skin pigmentation, residential state as a surrogate of UV-B radiation exposure, leisure-time physical activity as a surrogate of sunlight exposure, adiposity, and dietary and supplementary vitamin D intake).
If racial variation in intrauterine growth arises purely as a result of pathological determinants, maternal race is merely associated with growth rate, rather than being a determinant, and should not be controlled.
Central to the General Comment is the principle of non-discrimination: "...the Covenant [on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights] proscribes any discrimination in access to health care and underlying determinants of health... on the grounds of race, colour,.... health status... and civil, political, social or other status" (18).
"The effects of smoke-free laws are similar or larger than other determinants of smoking, including age, sex, race, ethnicity, and poverty level".
This study confirms and extends the previously reported findings from the CORI database relating to age and race as determinants of polyp size[ 9, 16].
By multivariate analysis, the primary negative determinants of CD were African American race and hyperparathyroidism; whereas, glomerular disease had a positive influence on capillary rarefaction (R = 64.2% variance; P = 0.001).
