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A recent PCR detection technique (TaqMan) based on the 5′ 3′-exonuclease activity of the Taq DNA polymerase was applied to the detection of indicator organisms in water samples.
The detection of indicator bacteria in the sources of drinking water shows the contribution of faecal matter in the aquifer and reinforces the need for an adequate disinfection process in order to ensure good water quality in the public supply system.
In a study in Malawi, shaking of containers led to a 3-fold increase in detection of indicator organisms in unimproved buckets, suggesting that bacteria that had settled to the bottom of the storage container were still viable on resuspension (Roberts et al. 2001).
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Horizontal gene transfer entails the high evolvability of bacterial genomes but hampers the specific detection of indicators such as coliforms.
The detection of either indicator in over 70% of tube wells sampled would indicate that fecal contamination in groundwater may be widespread over the study area.
Instead, the presence of pathogens is often assumed based on detection of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) including fecal coliforms and enterococci.
Detection of fecal indicator bacteria in drinking water provides a very sensitive method of quality assessment and it is not possible to examine water for every possible pathogen that might be present (WHO 1993).
The detection of each indicator was carried out in accordance with the requirements of the ELISA kit.
The mean transit time (MTt) is the mean time from the start of injection to detection of the indicator by the arterial sensor, adjusted for recirculation [ 17].
However, the detection of an indicator for residential flora would be useful to evaluate the quality of the specimen, especially when they are taken via nasopharyngeal aspiration in non-intubated patients.
Considering the small size of the targeted genetic effects to be detected, the statistical power of QTL detection for indicators of parasite resistance may be limited in such experiments if the number of sampled individuals is not very large.
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