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We tested this approach by detecting the selection signatures around three distinct phenotypes typical for one individual breed (polledness in GLW, double muscling in BBB and red coat colour in RH).
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The coding sequences (CDS) of the tandemly and segmentally duplicated grapevine PK genes in each family were aligned using ClustalW 2.034 in order to detect the selection modes of the tandem and segmental duplication events.
PAML [23] and HyPhy [60] packages were used to detect the selection.
*If recombination was detected, the selection analyses were performed taking into account the resulting partition.
Bull genotypes were a subset of animals used to detect the selection signatures.
Although some of the elementary methods also detect the selection signature in the CEU population correctly, the DCMS provides the strongest signal.
If the selected mutations were segregating on multiple different haplotypes before selection began, the iHS statistic may have too little power to detect the selection signature.
In this study, we aimed to detect the selection signatures of the three evolutionary phases of E. caballus, using dN/ dS, FST, and iHS (Fig. 4).
To further validate the DCMS approach, we applied this novel strategy to detect the selection signatures on chromosome 2 in human HapMap data to target the established selection sweep around the lactase gene LCT.
At the moment when the equilibrium just arrives, all three tests (Dm, Dmod, and D) can detect the selection in Type 1 and Type 3 scenarios in the negative direction with similar powers (table 1).
Such alleles may have been introgressed into a population through historical crossbreeding and, thus, be included in various haplotypes, which prevents LD-based estimators to detect the selection signature.
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