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The scraping methods employed did not detach bacteria embedded in biofilm.
The washer was placed in a 1.5 mL microtube containing 500 μL of PBS, shaken for 1 minute, sonicated for 3 minutes, and shaken for 1 minute to detach bacteria in biofilm from the washer.
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The improved retention with the biochar amendment is attributed to an increase in the attachment of E. coli at the primary minimum and to an increase in the water-holding capacity of biochar-amended sand, which renders driving forces such as moving air water interfaces less effective in detaching bacteria from grain surfaces.
Symptoms of bloodstream infection probably occurred when flushes detached bacteria from the CVC biofilm.
Detached bacteria were harvested by centrifugation at 10,000 × g for 10 min at 4°C.
With the exception of S. epidermidis on steel, our findings clearly show that sonication is capable of detaching bacteria in this model.
After culturing for 1, 4, and 7 days, the sample was rinsed in PBS and ultrasonically agitated to detach the bacteria from the sample.
After culturing for 6 h, the sample was rinsed with PBS and ultrasonically agitated to detach the bacteria from the sample.
The purpose of sonication to improve the diagnosis of PJI is to detach biofilm bacteria on the implant surface using ultrasonic energy (above 20 kHz).
Individual eggs were then placed in a stomacher bag (Sarstedt, Australia) and massaged in the bag in 50 mL of BPW for 3 min to detach the bacteria.
VCCs assessed from mechanically detached biofilm bacteria revealed a slightly different ability of the two modified wound dressings.
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