Histopathological changes were scored in a blinded manner based in cell infiltration, cartilage destruction and bone erosion parameters as described [28].
The expression of S100A8 and S100A9 was found to be strongest at the cartilage-pannus junction, which is the prime site of cartilage destruction and bone erosion in arthritis [32].
Histopathological analyses of joints showed that AIQ treatment significantly abrogated CIA-characteristic chronic inflammation of synovial tissue (infiltration of inflammatory cells into the joint cavity and periarticular soft tissue, consisting in lymphocytes, plasma cells, macrophages and neutrophils), pannus formation, cartilage destruction and bone erosion (Fig. 1B).
Arbitrary scores were used to assess the extent of synovitis, cartilage destruction, and bone erosion.
It affects mainly the joints, causing synovitis, cartilage destruction, and bone erosion.
Soft tissue destruction and bone degradation were often found in periodontitis [ 31].
Notably, histopathological analysis of joints showed that inflammation, cartilage destruction and bone erosion were abrogated.
Articular cartilage destruction and bone erosion were observed in 90% of those joints (Fig. 1a,1b).
COMP and RatLaps are markers for cartilage destruction and bone destruction, respectively.
The synovial inflammation can cause cartilage destruction and bone erosions that are irreversible.
The inflammatory process in the joint is characterized by synovitis, cartilage destruction, and bone erosion.
