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Bacteria have their own immune systems that recognise and destroy viral genes.
The other invention, a blood filtering machine, was described as using electromagnetic pulses to destroy viral infections.
In addition, several antiviral pathways use RNA degradation as a viral restriction mechanism, and we will summarize new findings related to how these host-encoded ribonucleases target and destroy viral RNA.
DCV protein is a suppressor of RNAi and sequesters siRNA produced in an antiviral response by Drosophila to destroy viral RNA, thus enabling DCV to more successfully infect Drosophila.
Attempts to use surfactants in STI prophylaxis relied upon their capacity to destroy viral and bacterial membranes but did not seem to take into account, what in hindsight appears all too obvious, that if they destroyed those membranes they would also destroy the membranes of cells of the vaginal epithelium.
RNA-mediated immunity against viruses operates in plants, fungi, invertebrates, and mammals to specifically destroy viral RNAs through the cellular RNA silencing machinery (Li et al., 2013b; Maillard et al., 2013).
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Fetal animal sera have mainly been used in this context, after heat inactivation of the serum, which destroys viral components and microorganisms (Pittenger et al. 1999, Tuschong et al. 2002).
It is known that cellular proteasome can act negatively on HIV infection by destroying viral proteins but it is not clear what the overall effect is on the infection.
It interacts with the viral envelope destroying viral particles [ 91], prevents attachment of virions to cells downregulating CD4 cell surface receptor expression [ 92, 93], affects viral replication via inhibition of reverse transcription [ 94], and inhibits proviral genome integration by binding between the integrase and the viral DNA [ 95].
Immune cells detect the infection and respond by releasing chemicals such as nitric oxide and histamines, which destroy the viral invaders and call other immune cells into action.
This is consistent with previously report that the ubiquitin-proteasome was negatively associated with HIV-1 replication by acting to destroy incoming viral complexes at the early steps [ 50, 51].
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