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Mutation of ZF canonical residues is known to destroy function; indeed, an equivalent mutation in Zic2 has been specifically demonstrated to abolish DNA binding (Brown et al., 2005).
A second allele (Atmin H210Q) was identified through reverse genetic screening of an ENU-mutated DNA archive (Quwailid et al., 2004) (supplementary material Fig. S1A,C); Atmin H210Q contains a histidine to glutamine substitution predicted to destroy function of the fourth ZF, again by interfering with Zn2+ chelation.
Create destroy function.
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There are many types of evolutionary pathways revealed here, and the text also interprets them for the reader e.g., the type of mutation(s) involved and whether they destroy a function or create a new function, and what that function is.
The literature on experimental evolution is actually pretty poor about noting the difference between evolution of new or altered function, versus evolution to destroy a function, but this paper makes the distinction clear; that is just one of its many attributes.
Fragments bearing DNA elements sufficient for LkARS function retain their ability to maintain plasmids and generate colonies, whereas the deletion of functionally essential sequences would destroy ARS function.
It also points out that caspase cleavage can destroy protein function or dismantle cellular structures, result in gain of protein function or new enzymatic activities, and in some cases even appears to do nothing.
Since not all of the 1,304 somatic mutations are likely to be pathologically relevant, we sought to identify those that probably destroy protein function or affect highly conserved amino acids and might therefore be functionally important.
The rogue prions accumulate and progressively destroy brain function.
Eventually, the proteins build up in the brain and produce holes that destroy brain function.
Even before it kills, the cancer can destroy brain function, robbing people of the ability to talk or walk.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com