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Then, destination users decode the received signal from the relay.
The decoding is done at the destination users.
Each source user randomly sent 512-byte packets to destination users during the simulation.
Eight pairs of source and destination users were selected; these users communicated at a constant bit rate.
The relays in the region 1 are nearest to the source users, while the relays in the region 7 are nearest to the destination users.
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UE relays, which are generally transparent to the destination user and lack channel state information, mainly operate in an open-loop mode.
Going further, we can consider the relays as a virtual multiple-input transmitter (if cooperation is used), and thus leverage on it to improve destination (user) performance.
The proposed schemes are shown to reduce the bit error rate of the destination user with respect to a direct transmission from the base station (BS).
We describe our two-stage reliable and scalable SIP server architecture in which the first stage proxies the request to one of the second stage server group based on the destination user identifier.
We now assume that the DOA at the relays does not match the DOA of the destination user, which causes L SR k < L S. Figure 3 shows the BER versus difference between θR and θD.
The cellular link consists of a cellular user equipment (CUE) and a receiver base station (BS), while the D2D link consists of a D2D pair (including source user equipment (SUE) and destination user equipment (DUE)) and a relay user equipment (RUE).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com