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Moreover, a cluster head׳s IPv6 address includes the location information, so the routing path reaching a destination cluster head can be automatically established without routing discovery.
When a mobile node leaves the source cluster and enters the destination cluster, it contacts any repository at destination cluster.
At the same time, the mobile node sends its own certificate to the repository of destination cluster.
We define also the total number of clusters including the source (cluster 0) and the destination (cluster M+1) as N c =M+2.
In which R i represents the optimum relay, S is the source cluster head, and D is the destination cluster head.
The proposed cluster switching scheme stresses the QoS requirements of both delay-sensitive services as well as throughput-sensitive services; by defining utility functions for accessing various clusters, the optimal destination cluster can be obtained.
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If the source cluster and destination clusters are m clusters away, then the location information obtained by using initial source routing can be used for direction flooding.
However, to understand why we have put 2n C1, and not n C1, refer to [9, 10].cThe reason is that in the second phase, the transmit power of the MIMO transmission is proportional to r SD α where r SD is the distance between the centers of the source and destination clusters.
Even though forming a destination-cluster is not always necessary, for simplicity we assume that the destinations of a given source-cluster belong to a single destination-cluster.
A cluster which includes the target receivers is a destination-cluster and denoted by.
It should be noted that a source-cluster and its destination-cluster may interchange their functions at different time slots.
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