Activated AFT1 and AFT2 genes can induce CTH2, which subsequently binds to the 3′-untranslated 3′-untranslated CCC1 and destabilizes its coregionnding mRNA; the expression of CCC1 is then decreased (Li et al., 2001; Martinez-Pastor et al., 2013; Philpott et al., 2012).
Here we used a technique to destabilize the EFC by repressing the expression of individual components and identified a third pair-wise interaction: G3 with L5.
To monitor real-time gene expression in single cells, we stably transfected 3T3-L1 cells with a dual-reporter plasmid where the expression of destabilized variants of green fluorescent protein (dsGFP) and red fluorescent protein (dsRFP) are controlled by a PPARγ and a Pref-1 promoter, respectively (Fig. 3A) [28], [28].
The Axin2 regulatory sequence drives the expression of destabilized Green Fluorescent Protein (d2EGFP), a GFP variant designed to be rapidly degraded (half-life of ∼2 hours, and the short half-life of d2EGFP facilitates examining reductions in signaling not possible with more stable reporters such as β-galactosidase.
The differential effect of FCS upon the expression of the mRNA destabilizing factor TTP is another example for multi-layered regulation through FCS (see below).
The decrease in miR-34a expression correlates with the early productive phase and is attributed to the expression of HPV E6, which destabilizes p53, a known miR-34a transactivator.
Through the imperfect base pairing with a binding site in the 3′ UTR of mRNA, miRNA regulates the expression of the target gene or destabilizes its mRNA [ 10].
By base-pairing with 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) of messenger RNA (mRNA), miRNAs can repress the expression of target genes by inhibiting translation or by destabilizing the mRNA (Bartel, 2009; Fabian et al., 2010).
Moreover, IFNβ can induce the expression of tristetraprolin, an RNA-binding protein that destabilized the mRNA of proinflammatory cytokines including TNFα [ 16].
TBX2 [that suppresses the expression of CDK inhibitors such as p15 and p21 and destabilizes p53 by suppressing expression of ARF (an inhibitor of MDM2)] predicted functions were inhibited in HaCaT but activated in PHKs.
