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Despite refinement of surgical techniques to improve graft patency, late vein graft failure remains a significant problem.
Despite refinement of multimodal therapies over the last 20 years, 5-year survival rates of 40% have remained static since the mid-1980s (Parkin et al. 2001).
Clinically, it seems that phacoemulsification could have detrimental effect on the functioning filtering bleb, despite refinement of the surgical technique (small incision, gentle handling of the eyeball).
Despite refinement of surgical techniques in the past few decades once invasive cancer is formed, the prognosis is poor with an average 5-year survival rate of 40% of affected patients (Mork, 1998; Diaz et al, 2003).
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Despite refinements in the 20th century, development did not begin in earnest until the oil crisis in the 1970's made the electricity supply expensive and less reliable.
The spindly tripod designs of the Australian Lindsay Cunningham set the current record of 46.52 knots in 1993 but have gone no faster, despite refinements.
Mortality and morbility rates remain high, despite refinements in medical and pharmacological means of controlling intracranial hypertension.
27 Despite refinements in radiotherapy (conformal, intensity modulation, robotic radiosurgery) and radical prostatectomy (laparoscopic or robot assisted) these harms have not changed.
Despite refinements in tissue matching techniques and improvements in immunosuppression protocols, an important proportion of grafts is still lost following living donor kidney transplantation, presumably due to chronic allograft nephropathy.
Despite refinements in lung preservation and improvements in surgical techniques and perioperative care, ischemia/reperfusion (IR -induced lung IR -inducedins a significant cause of earlungorbinjuryand moremains after lung transignificant [ 1].
There's a heavy, over-deliberate feeling to the playing, a thickness to the sound (despite the refinement of the recording), and a lack of athleticism in the rhythms that seems as if Schumann's symphonic writing is being approached from the perspective of the composers who came after him, especially Brahms, rather than from those of his own time, such as Mendelssohn.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com