Theoretically, Gao et al. [12] demonstrated that when the critical length scale of the mineral inorganic platelets in natural materials drops below approximately 30 nm, the biomaterials became insensitive to flaws, i.e., the strength of a perfect mineral platelet was maintained despite defects.
Despite defects in bone formation [15], [34], FHL2−/− mice live a normal lifespan [33].
By contrast, in A. nidulans, null barA mutants are capable of forming relatively normal sporulating colonies despite defects in maintaining axes of hyphal polarity [15].
These studies show that PUMA-induced apoptosis can occur despite defects in the p53 pathway.
We found that, despite defects in CD16-independent cytotoxic functions, NK cell numbers and ADCC were largely preserved in patients, regardless of their therapeutic stage, giving full scope to combining chemotherapy and ADCC-triggering immunotherapy.
Nonetheless, by identifying Chd1 mutants that can still catalyse nucleosome maturation despite defects in chromatin remodelling, the current study provides a new angle to explore these issues in vivo.
Earlier studies in the β2KO mice found that the contact sensitivity response and T-cell-dependent antibody response in β2KO compared with FVB mice were similar, despite defects demonstrable in isolated immune cells, but the mechanism of compensation was not identified (Sanders et al., 2003).
Failure of scratch-resistant and toughened glass is very common in the presence of surface defects, and this newly developed method may improve the performance of all glass types despite different defect densities or the presence of dominant surface flaws.
They claim that despite this defect she would know what it is like to have an experience of e.g. green while attentively staring at something that looks green to her.
"The hole in his trunk was a good 5 centimeters -- it had started to heal, and he was using it well despite the defect".
