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For all the calculations, he used desk calculator.
For example, meteorology: to predict the weather across half the United States 24 hours in advance required 40,750,000 calculations, obviously impractical for a clerk at a desk calculator.
"I started out by doing calculations with logarithms, and then progressed to a mechanical desk calculator," he once said.
Since about 1960, however, lens design has been almost entirely computerized, and the old methods of designing lenses by hand on a desk calculator are rapidly disappearing.
He would attend meetings in Edward Teller's office, furiously exchanging ideas with Enrico Fermi and John von Neumann, manipulating his desk calculator at top speed while von Neumann worked the same problems in his head.
To keep that reality intact, Frank works for Knox Business Machines, "at what he liked to call 'the dullest job you can possibly imagine'" (their newest machine could "perform the lifetime work of a man with a desk calculator in thirty minutes").
Similar(49)
At Los Alamos, roomfuls of clerks tapped on desk calculators and shuffled millions of IBM punch cards.
With no more than the desk calculators and slide rules then available, however, the solution of a problem in procedure only raised a new one in manpower.
Nobody would think of undertaking a quantitative study nowadays without a computer (although desk calculators are quite adequate for some projects), and this raises a further difficulty insofar as historical records usually vary so much in terminology that they have to be encoded for computer use.
"Edsac was the first to go into regular service to help the people Sir Maurice saw in Cambridge, researchers struggling with computation using desk calculators," said Dr David Hartley, chairman of the CCS.
With an end in sight to the Hamilton debacle, it is time for city planners to be assertive and involve themselves in the urban-design process, to turn off their computers and desk calculators, to rise from their encrusted desks and to get out of their cars to walk the streets of the neighborhoods of their concerns.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com