Under operation at high temperature, the pigtails undergo the advance stage of irreversible creep and failed before their designing life span.
This type of loading is very rare and could occur once or twice in their design life span.
In the fatigue damage assessment, minimum safety margin of 2.71 was calculated until the end of design life span of 30 years.
The identification, adoption and utilisation of reliable interconnection technology to assembly crystalline silicon solar cells in photovoltaic (PV) module are critical to ensure that the device performs continually up to 20 years of its design life span.
Water supply and water drainage networks are among those projects which are very costly; therefore they are designed with a life span of about one hundred years.
The group is now designing a clock that will "tick" annually and that is designed to have a life span of 10,000 years.
There is a class of theories of aging (variously termed adaptive aging, aging by design, aging selected for its own sake, or programmed death theories) that hold that an organism design that limits life span conveys benefits and was selected specifically because it limits life span.
Newly designed artifacts requiring an average life span of 25 years (one human generation), should fit the STW.
Corrosion modelling is essential for structural design for a particular life span, or to inform decisions on repair of RC structures to reach or extend their service life.
The protocols characteristic of RI studies can cause interpretive challenges, but aspects of the RI design, including gestational exposure, life span observation, and larger numbers of animals and dose groups, may impart advantages that provide chemical risk assessors with valuable insights for the identification of chemical-related neoplasia not obtained from other bioassays.
