If a designated innocent suspect is not specified, then all IDs from the target-absent lineup are divided by the number of fillers to estimate a false ID rate.
Participants are then shown either a target present lineup, containing the guilty suspect from the video and five known innocents (fillers), or a target absent lineup, containing a designated innocent suspect and five fillers.
Because ROC analysis focuses on suspect identifications (IDs) (correct IDs of the guilty suspect from target-present lineups and false IDs of a designated innocent suspect1 from a target-absent lineup), Wells et al. argued that the positive selection of a filler was treated as a rejection, which made ROC analysis misleading (see Rotello & Chen, 2016, for a counterargument).
Designating an innocent bystander or civilian as a criminal suspect influences how police approach an individual.
When journalists were forced to reveal sources; when police could stop and search any of us without suspicion in a designated area; when innocent people's DNA was retained indefinitely; when a 15-year-old boy was flogged by police as corporal punishment; when social services failed to act on complaints of child abuse; when foreign terror suspects were detained indefinitely without charge or trial?
In a fair lineup, in which no one is designated to serve as the innocent suspect (as in Table 1), the overall target-absent filler ID rate is linearly related to the innocent-suspect false ID rate (i.e., FAR is equal to one sixth times the filler ID rate).
In the case, Arab Bank served as a financial intermediary, allowing designated terrorist organizations to conduct campaigns of violence against innocent civilians.
Hamas is a designated terrorist group because, among other things, it indiscriminately murders innocent civilians to achieve its ends.
Like secondhand smoke, the actions of backcountry skiers can pose risks to innocent bystanders -- in this case, by instigating avalanches onto designated, and well-populated, skiing areas.
Instead, 21-year-olds are designated as 'old' women in Japanese games, usually playing a villainous, antagonistic role compared to the sweet, innocent, sexually desirable teenager".
As the TF's designated accomplice, when I tiptoed stealthily into the room to remove the tooth from under the pillow, I always paused for a look at the innocent face sleeping so blissfully, so expectantly: a look of pure, innocent, absolute trust.
