Of the 40, 10 have enacted landmark laws that allow local governments to designate properties without owner consent, according to Alexandra Parsons Wolfe, director of the Society for the Preservation of Long Island Antiquities.
Bolzano has two words to designate properties: Beschaffenheit and Eigenschaft.
Similarly, expressions like 'hot', 'cold' and 'warm' designate properties in the temperature domain.
The notion of rigid application might hold some attraction for someone bothered by the objections just mentioned against the view that terms rigidly designate properties.
Perhaps it is a mistake, however, to move from this linguistic fact to a substantive ontological thesis: mental and physical predicates designate properties belonging to distinct families of properties.
Instead, kind terms designate properties and simple seeming subject-predicate sentences like 'Foxes are carnivores' are claimed to possess a more complicated logical form, ∀x(Fx→ Cx), where Cx translates the predicate 'is a carnivore'.
On the other side of the spectrum, those who view reduction in terms of real world entities rather than theories would not claim that statements of the form 'a reduces to b' are always false when the instances of 'a' and 'b' designate theories, and true only when they designate properties, or parts and wholes.
Truth conditions for sentences of the form 'a reduces to b', where the expressions 'a' and 'b' designate properties, events, phenomena or the like, are sensitive not only to what 'a' and 'b' designate but also to how they do so, i.e., to the concepts or modes of presentation 'a' and 'b' express (van Riel 2010, 2012 & 2014; Jenkins 2011).
Bosse and Mirisch say the proposed changes went well beyond the City Council's intention to help buyers and owners learn more quickly whether the city intended to designate properties as landmarks.
Here and throughout we designate properties of the ancestral 1° control with a subscripted 0 and the same property in the 2° MA stocks with a subscripted MA (e.g., W 0 vs. W MA) We compared Δ M w between fitness groups using restricted maximum likelihood as implemented in the MIXED procedure of SAS v. 9.21.
