SHLPME parameters including nature of extracting solvent, headspace volume and design, extraction time, sample weight and microdrop volume were optimized.
From the single-factor experimental design, extraction with hexane resulted in the highest yield compared to petroleum ether and isopropanol.
The system has three distinctive features: estimation of faults caused by design, extraction of faulty parts or faulty operations, and analysis of fault phenomena.
According to the statistical analysis of the experimental design, extraction temperature and ethanol percentage were the main factors influencing the selectivity towards the extraction of the target compounds.
For engineers who design extraction devices, it is crucial to understand the density distribution of each fluid, particularly flow regions that have a high concentration of the dispersed phase.
Statistical mixture design extraction and fractionation of Mikania plant samples were carried out to quantitatively study seasonal and solvent composition effects as well as their interactions on secondary metabolites.
Preliminary studies were carried out at laboratory scale before the establishment of an experimental design: extraction curves were plotted for different autoclave fill rates, and under different conditions of pressure and temperature.
Coal quality information such as ash content, density, volatile matter and specific energy is important to the coal mining industry for mine planning, design, extraction, processing requirements, beneficiation and, importantly, coal type utilisation and economic value.
In such a scenario, it is common to model a line of heat exchangers as a planar source with one infinite dimension and a heat flux rate calculated by dividing the design extraction rate of a single heat exchanger by their spacing in the out-of-plane direction.
From the economic point of view, it is usual to apply the conditions of available HPLC methods or to design extraction and chromatographic separation conditions using HPLC and transfer them subsequently to a more sensitive technique like liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC MS/MS).
AG was involved in study design, extraction of data and review of the manuscript.
