Paul Smith, head of data at Open fundraising, has described data as "the building blocks of fact and information".
So extensive is the collection of personal details, and so promising the business opportunities linked to it, that the report described data as the "raw material" of the digital economy.
It's now common in tech to describe data as "the new oil or electricity" — a fuel that will power innovation and company growth for the foreseeable future.
We described data as the number (frequency) and mean ± standard deviation.
Model M1a that does not allow positive selection described data equally as well as model M2a that allows positive selection.
Tsai and Lu (2009) described data mining as discovering interesting patterns within the data and predicting or classifying the behavior exhibited by the model.
Management and administrators described data quality as high, and appropriate for reporting, program evaluation and research requirements.
The described data embedding algorithm is as follows.
The BBC's economics editor, Stephanie Flanders, describes the data as being "all over the place lately".
The theme 'beyond conventional' therefore describes big data as something that needs novel specialised and scalable solutions.
