This model describes a recent bottleneck in this species with about 85% reduction in effective population size, preceded by an ancestral epoch with an effective population size roughly four times the present epoch size.
This paper describes a novel coordination methodology of autonomous mobile robots for jams in a congested system with bottlenecks.
Here, we describe a strategy of resolving this bottleneck through excision of one of the cis-positioned lox, embedded in the marker gene, by nuclease activity.
There are a number of factors contributing to this [ 32]; however researchers have paid significant attention to local community opposition to proposed developments which they describe as causing a "bottleneck" in the planning system [ 30].
This situation can be described as queuing behind a bottleneck whose capacity declines when the queue is large.
To quantitatively describe the bottleneck job distribution, we design a fuzzy inference system for evaluating the bottleneck level (i.e. the criticality) of each job.
The Essential Medicine List (EML) was a commonly described bottleneck; participants noted that the EML lacked the commodities required for special care of newborns, such as oxygen and IV fluids and was not implemented at the national level.
English Heritage, which runs the Stonehenge site, has previously described the bottleneck road as "highly detrimental" to the ancient monument.
The nodes of high centrality importance has been described as bottleneck states connecting the minimum cut arcs which are members of another cluster or component [95].
We first briefly describe the GF of genealogies under a bottleneck model and outline how it can be automatically generated and solved (using Mathematica).
