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In order to consider large deformation, effective stress and strain are expressed in terms of 2nd Piolar Kirchhoff stress tensor and Green Lagrange strain tensor, and constitutive equation is derived from the relation between the effective stress and strain.
On the other hand, using the Market Model, the Expected Return is derived from the relation of a certain security with the market portfolio.
Thus, the nonpenetration condition can be easily derived from the relation bigl(w_{1} x,z),wbigr cdot,wbigr)cdot(nu_{1}, nu_{2},quadq0,quad xingamma, |z|leq h.
In this relation, M was derived from the relation of Watanabe (1971) using maximum vertical velocity amplitudes and A s (m2/s) was estimated from vertical velocity envelopes corrected for geometrical spreading and medium attenuation in the 5 10-Hz frequency band (see below).
We adopt the no-slip condition and continuity of traction across the fluid-solid boundary, the latter of which is derived from the relation between the stress components in the fluid: T xx ∗ = - P ∗ + 2 ζ ∗ ∂ V x ∗ ∂ x ∗ - 1 3 ∇ ∗ · V ∗, T zx ∗ = ζ ∗ ∂ V z ∗ ∂ x ∗ + ∂ V x ∗ ∂ z ∗, (4).
Assuming that at this stage any further application of stress will no longer affect the status of the aperture, the initial aperture width is defined as the fracture aperture width before commencing the shear test and is derived from the relation between the change in vertical stress and displacement.
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The authority is derived from the relations between people (web users), positions, and hierarchies [5].
The friendship is derived from the relations of sharing various-length common suffixes of host identifiers.
(The direction of flow of PoPS and the RiPS are derived from the relations of parts in the model).
After fixing the number of cells and the cell density, the total and external volumes are then respectively derived from the relations c N = N/ V tot and V ext = V tot − N V0, where V tot =2·10−4 μL.
Furthermore, the regulatory relations (activating/repressing) connecting the modules (Fig. 4a, black and red arrows) are directly derived from the relations encoded in the underlying detailed map (Fig. 2) and the modular view thus represents central decision-making aspects of CCKR signaling.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com